We demonstrate a simple method to fabricate all solid state, thermally reduced Graphene Oxide (TRGO) microsupercapacitors (µ-SCs) prepared using the atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) and a mask-free axiDraw sketching apparatus. The Fourier transform in-frared spectroscopy (FTIR) shows the extermination of oxygen functional groups as the reducing temperature (RT) increases, while the Raman shows the presence of the defect and graphitic peaks. The electrochemical performance of the µ-SCs showed cyclic voltammetry (CV) potential window of 0-0.8 V at various scan rates of 5-1000 mVs −1 with a rectangular shape, depicting characteristics of electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) behavior. The µ-SC with 14 cm −2 (number of digits per unit area) showed a 46% increment in capacitance from that of 6 cm −2 , which is also higher than the µ-SCs with 22 and 26 cm −2. The TRGO-500 exhibits volumetric energy and power density of 14.61 mW h cm −3 and 142.67 mW cm −3 , respectively. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed the decrease in the equivalent series resistance (ESR) as a function of RT due to reduction of the resistive functional groups present in the sample. Bode plot showed a phase angel of −85° for the TRGO-500 µ-SC device. The electrochemical performance of the µ-SC devices can be tuned by varying the RT, number of digits per unity area, and connection configuration (parallel or series).

Talinum triangulare and Celosia argentea are two common underutilized leafy vegetables in Nigeria. This work was carried out to determine the mineral, proximate, and antinutritional contents of the plants, which were estimated by standard methods. Antibacterial activity of the leaf aqueous and ethanolic extracts was also evaluated against some bacteria. Results obtained from the study have shown that the two plants had constituents that show them as a good source of nutritional and medicinal benefits.

Ab-initio, anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes were prepared from pristine anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles via a low temperature modified stirring-hydrothermal technique. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterization of the as-synthesized sample depicted uniformly distributed one-dimensional nanotubular morphology, with an average length, thickness and diameter of ∼ 4μm, 17 nm and 20 nm, respectively. N2 physisorption of the sample revealed two distinct peaks at mesopore and macropore scales of 3 nm and 100 nm, respectively. The specific surface area of the materials was observed to have increased from 8 m² g⁻¹ for the pristine to 62 m² g⁻¹ for the nanotubes. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated a tetragonal symmetry for the anatase TiO2nanotubes sample, which is similar to those reported in the literature. Core levels and elemental analyses showed the presence of titanium and oxygen in good proportion. Electrochemical performances of the TiO2nanotubes electrode offered good cyclic stability, good rate capability and a fairly large capacity of 160 mA h g⁻¹ at a specific current of 36 mA g⁻¹.

Background: Clinical disease registries are useful for quality improvement in care, benchmarking standards, and facilitating research. Collaborative networks established thence can enhance national and international studies by generating more robust samples and credible data and promote knowledge sharing and capacity building. This report describes the methodology, baseline data, and prospects of the Nigeria Parkinson Disease Registry. Methods: This national registry was established in November 2016. Ethics approval was obtained for all sites. Basic anonymized data for consecutive cases fulfilling the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Brain Bank criteria (except the exclusion criterion of affected family members) are registered by participating neurologists via a secure registry website (www.parkinsonnigeria.com) using a minimal common data capture format. Results: The registry had captured 578 participants from 5 of 6 geopolitical zones in Nigeria by July 2019 (72.5% men). Mean age at onset was 60.3 ± 10.7 years; median disease duration (interquartile range) was 36 months (18–60.5 months). Young-onset disease (<50 years) represented 15.2%. A family history was documented in 4.5% and 7.8% with age at onset <50 and ≥ 50, respectively. The most frequent initial symptom was tremor (45.3%). At inclusion, 93.4% were on treatment (54.5% on levodopa monotherapy). Per-capita direct cost for the registry was $3.37. Conclusions: This is the first published national Parkinson's disease registry in sub-Saharan Africa. The registry will serve as a platform for development of multipronged evidence-based policies and initiatives to improve quality of care of Parkinson's disease and research engagement in Nigeria. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

The burden of Parkinson's disease (PD) is becoming increasingly important in the context of an aging African population. Although PD has been extensively investigated with respect to its environmental and genetic etiology in various populations across the globe, studies on the African continent remain limited. In this Perspective article, we review some of the obstacles that are limiting research and creating barriers for future studies. We summarize what research is being done in four sub-Saharan countries and what the key elements are that are needed to take research to the next level. We note that there is large variation in neurological and genetic research capacity across the continent, and many opportunities for unexplored areas in African PD research. Only a handful of countries possess appropriate infrastructure and personnel, whereas the majority have yet to develop such capacity. Resource-constrained environments strongly determines the possibilities of performing research locally, and unidirectional export of biological samples and genetic data remains a concern. Local-regional partnerships, in collaboration with global PD consortia, should form an ethically appropriate solution, which will lead to a reduction in inequality and promote capacity building on the African continent.